附：ElasticSearch version ：7.10

path_hierarchy tokenizer 把分层的值看成是文件路径，用路径分隔符分割文本，输出树上的各个节点。

POST _analyze
{
  "tokenizer": "path_hierarchy",
  "text": "/one/two/three"
}

输出为

[ /one, /one/two, /one/two/three ]

Configurationedit

The path_hierarchy tokenizer accepts the following parameters:

delimiter	The character to use as the path separator. Defaults to /.
replacement	An optional replacement character to use for the delimiter. Defaults to the delimiter.
buffer_size	The number of characters read into the term buffer in a single pass. Defaults to 1024. The term buffer will grow by this size until all the text has been consumed. It is advisable not to change this setting.
reverse	If set to true, emits the tokens in reverse order. Defaults to false.
skip	The number of initial tokens to skip. Defaults to 0.

实例数据：

In this example, we configure the path_hierarchy tokenizer to split on - characters, and to replace them with /. The first two tokens are skipped:

PUT my-index-000001
{
  "settings": {
    "analysis": {
      "analyzer": {
        "my_analyzer": {
          "tokenizer": "my_tokenizer"
        }
      },
      "tokenizer": {
        "my_tokenizer": {
          "type": "path_hierarchy",
          "delimiter": "-",
          "replacement": "/",
          "skip": 2
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

POST my-index-000001/_analyze
{
  "analyzer": "my_analyzer",
  "text": "one-two-three-four-five"
}

The above example produces the following terms:

[ /three, /three/four, /three/four/five ]

If we were to set reverse to true, it would produce the following:（倒序输出）

[ one/two/three/, two/three/, three/ ]

详细示例：（路径查询）

PUT file-path-test
{
  "settings": {
    "analysis": {
      "analyzer": {
        "custom_path_tree": {
          "tokenizer": "custom_hierarchy"
        },
        "custom_path_tree_reversed": {
          "tokenizer": "custom_hierarchy_reversed"
        }
      },
      "tokenizer": {
        "custom_hierarchy": {
          "type": "path_hierarchy",
          "delimiter": "/"
        },
        "custom_hierarchy_reversed": {
          "type": "path_hierarchy",
          "delimiter": "/",
          "reverse": "true"
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "file_path": {
        "type": "text",
        "fields": {
          "tree": {
            "type": "text",
            "analyzer": "custom_path_tree"
          },
          "tree_reversed": {
            "type": "text",
            "analyzer": "custom_path_tree_reversed"
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

POST file-path-test/_doc/1
{
  "file_path": "/User/alice/photos/2017/05/16/my_photo1.jpg"
}

POST file-path-test/_doc/2
{
  "file_path": "/User/alice/photos/2017/05/16/my_photo2.jpg"
}

POST file-path-test/_doc/3
{
  "file_path": "/User/alice/photos/2017/05/16/my_photo3.jpg"
}

POST file-path-test/_doc/4
{
  "file_path": "/User/alice/photos/2017/05/15/my_photo1.jpg"
}

POST file-path-test/_doc/5
{
  "file_path": "/User/bob/photos/2017/05/16/my_photo1.jpg"
}

match匹配，通过相关性进行匹配，如果没搜到，也会按照相关性进行匹配。

GET file-path-test/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "file_path": "/User/bob/photos/2017/05"
    }
  }
}

精准匹配，term来进行匹配路径，通常使用该方式来进行路径查询匹配

GET file-path-test/_search
{
  "query": {
    "term": {
      "file_path.tree": "/User/alice/photos/2017/05/16"
    }
  }
}

同样，该查询也可用于多条件进行组合查询。